Video Transcript
Which of the following states two
major groups that proteins can be categorized into? (A) Polypeptide and polysaccharide,
(B) steroidal and hormonal, (C) transferase and hydrolase, (D) structural and
regulatory.
Proteins are made up of long chains
of amino acids. There are 20 different amino acids,
which all have the same basic structure except for the R group. The order of the amino acids along
the polypeptide chain determines the specific proteins shape, which determines its
function.
Some proteins are structural. An example is the long and ropelike
keratin in your hair that gives it its structure and shape, while other proteins
have unique shapes to bind to other proteins or molecules to induce some sort of
regulatory change. Here we can see the insulin
receptor binding specifically to insulin. This interaction regulates how the
cell takes up glucose. The two major groups of proteins
are given by answer choice (D), structural and regulatory.
