Lesson Worksheet: Fertilization and Pregnancy Biology
In this worksheet, we will practice describing the process of fertilization and subsequent embryo development, including an outline of how twins may form.
Q1:
What structure secretes progesterone during the last five months of pregnancy?
- APituitary gland
- BCorpus luteum
- CGraafian follicle
- DEmbryo
- EPlacenta
Q2:
What is the significance of the acrosome reaction in fertilization?
- AIt triggers meiosis II inside the egg cell.
- BIt causes the outer jelly coat of the egg to change so that no other sperm can enter.
- CIt releases enzymes that allow a sperm to penetrate the outer jelly coat of the egg.
- DIt releases enzymes that digest the first polar body.
- EIt dissolves the follicle cells surrounding the egg, allowing the sperm to reach the egg cell membrane.
Q3:
Which feature correctly describes fraternal twins?
- AThey are formed from one egg and two sperm.
- BThey are formed from a single zygote.
- CThey must be the same sex.
- DThey have the same DNA.
- EThey are formed from two eggs and two sperm.
Q4:
What usually happens when a zygote develops into two embryos?
- AThis question is misleading; a zygote cannot develop into two embryos.
- BThey develop into identical twins that share a placenta.
- CThey develop into fraternal twins, each with a separate placenta.
- DThey develop into fraternal twins with a shared amnion.
- EThey develop into fraternal twins that share a placenta.
Q5:
Which organ system is the first to begin development in the early embryo?
- AReproductive system
- BRespiratory system
- CDigestive system
- DNervous system
- ESkeletal system
Q6:
What is a characteristic of monozygotic twins?
- AThey are not genetically identical.
- BThey are formed from 1 egg and 2 sperm.
- CThey are always the same sex.
- DThey develop with the same umbilical cord.
Q7:
From which embryonic structure does the placenta grow?
- AInner cell mass
- BUmbilical cord
- CChorion
- DAmnion
- ENeural tube
Q8:
What is the correct sequence that shows the pathway taken by a sperm to meet an egg?
- AVagina cervix uterus oviduct
- BVagina uterus oviduct ovary
- CUterus cervix oviduct vagina
- DVagina uterus cervix oviduct
- ECervix uterus oviduct ovary
Q9:
How many chromosomes are in a human zygote?
- A46 plus 2 sex chromosomes
- B46, including 2 sex chromosomes
- C46, including 1 sex chromosome
- D23 plus 1 sex chromosome
- E23, including 1 sex chromosome
Q10:
The figure shows a fetus just before birth. What is the role of the pituitary hormone oxytocin in the birth process?
- AIt increases blood supply to the placenta.
- BIt stimulates fetal movement.
- CIt stimulates the formation of the amniotic sac.
- DIt stimulates uterine contractions.
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