Lesson Worksheet: Physical Properties of Transition Metals Chemistry
In this worksheet, we will practice describing and comparing the physical properties of transition metals.
Q1:
The trend in increasing atomic mass is observed across the periods of the periodic table from left to right. Which transition metal of the fourth period is an exception to this trend?
- AManganese
- BNickel
- CChromium
- DScandium
- EIron
Q2:
Which of the following statements that compare two d-block elements is correct?
- AVanadium is denser than copper but has a smaller atomic radius.
- BVanadium is less dense than copper but has a larger atomic radius.
- CVanadium is denser than copper and has a larger atomic radius.
- DVanadium is less dense than copper and has a smaller atomic radius.
Q3:
Although trends in the melting point are hard to define when considering all of the period 4 transition metals, a smaller trend within the data can be observed. For example, the melting points and boiling points rise in tandem from scandium to vanadium but then drop at chromium and further for manganese before rising again.
Which of the following statements might explain this drop in the melting and boiling points at chromium and manganese?
- AThe metallic radii of chromium and manganese are less than those of scandium, titanium, and vanadium.
- BChromium and manganese have half-filled 3d orbitals, unlike the preceding three elements.
- CThe densities of chromium and manganese are greater than those of the preceding three elements.
- DChromium and manganese form different crystalline structures from scandium, titanium, and vanadium.
Q4:
The s-block element calcium has different physical properties to the neighboring transition metals of the same period.
Complete the following: The melting point of calcium is than that of chromium.
- Ahigher
- Blower
Which of the following statements explains this difference in melting point?
- ACalcium has a lower melting point as it has fewer electrons and so less internal repulsion exists between the paired electrons.
- BChromium has a lower melting point due to weaker metallic bonding from the shielding of the nucleus by the 3d electrons.
- CCalcium has a higher melting point as its greater density results in stronger metallic bonding.
- DChromium has a higher melting point as the electrons from the 3d orbital can delocalize and contribute to stronger metallic bonding.
Q5:
The melting points, atomic radii, and densities of some elements have been scaled and overlaid on the following sketch graph.
Which color line on the graph illustrates the melting points of the period 4 elements from potassium to zinc?
- AThe blue line
- BThe red line
- CThe green line
Which color line on the graph illustrates the densities of the period 4 elements from potassium to zinc?
- AThe blue line
- BThe red line
- CThe green line
Which color line on the graph illustrates the atomic radii of the period 4 elements from potassium to zinc?
- AThe red line
- BThe blue line
- CThe green line
Q6:
The atomic radii of d-block elements from scandium to copper are relatively constant in size but, as a general trend, the size decreases only slightly across the period.
Which of the following phenomena could cause the atomic radius to decrease in size across the same range?
- AElectrons filling the orbital
- BMore delocalized electrons
- CGreater repulsion between 3d electrons
- DLarger number of neutrons in the nucleus
- EIncreasing nuclear charge
Which of the following phenomena could cause the atomic radius to increase in size across the same range?
- AMore delocalized electrons
- BGreater repulsion between 3d electrons
- CLarger number of neutrons in the nucleus
- DIncreasing nuclear charge
- EElectrons filling the orbital
Q7:
Explain why transition elements have high melting and boiling points.
- ABecause of the stable complexes they form
- BBecause of their high densities
- CBecause of their large atomic radii
- DBecause of their paramagnetism
- EBecause of the strong metallic bonds they form
Q8:
Which of the following properties is not true for transition elements?
- ATransition elements form colored ions and compounds.
- BTransition elements form compounds with catalytic activity.
- CTransition elements show variable oxidation states.
- DTransition elements have high melting and boiling points.
- ETransition elements form compounds that are often diamagnetic.
Q9:
Which of the following is ferromagnetic?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
Q10:
Potassium permanganate is a widely used disinfectant with a characteristic violet colour. Which of the following colours does this compound absorb from white light?
- AViolet
- BRed
- CBlue
- DYellow
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