Lesson Worksheet: The Human Genome Biology

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In this worksheet, we will practice describing the components of the human genome and outlining why scientists want to study the human genome.

Q1:

Which of the following best describes an allele?

ADifferent forms of the same gene
BAll the DNA within an organism
CA section of DNA that codes for a protein
DThe interaction of DNA with the environment
ESimilar forms of different genes

Q2:

Roughly, what percentage of DNA bases are the same across all humans?

Q3:

Which of the following best describes a gene?

AAll of the DNA and RNA within an organism
BThe combination of different alleles that make up an organism
CA section of DNA or RNA that codes for a particular protein or molecule
DA section of DNA or RNA that codes for a specific carbohydrate
EThe physical appearance of an organism

Q4:

Which of the following parts of the genome can affect how well medicines work in different people?

AMitochondrial DNA
BHydrogen bonds
CSugar–phosphate backbone
DAlleles

Q5:

A section of mRNA has the following codon sequence: .

Use the table provided to determine the correct sequence of amino acids this sequence of codons will be translated into, reading from the to direction.

Codon	GAG	AUG	CAU	ACU	GUG	CUG
Amino Acid	Glu	Met	His	Thr	Val	Leu

AMet, Val, His, Val
BMet, His, Thr, Leu
CMet, Val, His, Leu
DGlu, Met, His, Thr
EGlu, Val, His, Leu

Q6:

What is a genome?

AThe lifestyle factors that influence an organism
BAll of the DNA within an organism
CThe physical appearance of an organism
DAll of the noncoding DNA in an organism
EAll of the coding DNA in an organism

Q7:

What are the four nitrogenous bases of DNA?

AA U G C
BA T G D
CA B G C
DT G C E
EA T G C

Q8:

What was the main purpose of the Human Genome Project?

ACreating a comprehensive genetic map of the human genome
BAnalysing the evolution of traits and inherited disorders over time
CIdentifying genetic diseases and understanding their mechanisms of action
DAll of the answers are correct.

Q9:

The genome is .

Athe complete set of DNA and protein which make up the entire chromosomal structure of an individual
Bthe complete set of DNA which makes up the entire genetic information of an individual
Cthe complete set of DNA and RNA which make up the entire nucleic acid content of an individual
Dthe complete set of protein which makes up the entire translated nucleic acid content of an individual

Q10:

What was the purpose of the Human Genome Project?

AIdentifying all proteins which are coded by genes in humans
BIdentifying all genes and their sequence in humans
CIdentifying the structure of all chromosomes in human cells
DIdentifying all possible phenotypes of genes in humans

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