Lesson Worksheet: Specialized Cells Biology
In this worksheet, we will practice recalling different specialized cells, describing their adaptations, and relating these adaptations to their functions.
Q1:
Root hair cells are examples of specialized cells found in a plant. Which of the following statements is not a specialization of root hair cells?
- AThey contain a large amount of chlorophyll so photosynthesis can occur at a faster rate.
- BThey contain many mitochondria to provide energy for active transport of mineral ions.
- CThey have a large surface area to take in water from the soil.
- DThey connect to the xylem to transport water and minerals around the plant.
Q2:
Muscle cells have many adaptations to help them function.
Which parts of the muscle cells slide over each other to contract the fibers?
- AGlycogen
- BProtein filaments
- CStarch
- DNucleus
- EMitochondria
Which part of the muscle cell allows respiration to take place?
- ANucleus
- BMitochondria
- CGlycogen
- DStarch
- EProtein filaments
In the muscle cell, glucose is stored when it is not needed for respiration. Which compound is glucose stored as?
- AGlycogen
- BAmylase
- CGlucagon
- DStarch
- EProtein
Q3:
Which of the following is not an adaptation of egg cells?
- AThey have a protective jelly coat that hardens after fertilization.
- BThe cytoplasm contains a large volume of nutrients to help the embryo grow.
- CThe egg cell membrane can fuse with the sperm cell membrane.
- DThey are lined with cilia that helps move substances away.
- EThey are haploid and thus contain half the genetic material of a normal body cell.
Q4:
The diagram given shows a sperm cell.
What structure is represented by label 1?
- ARibosome
- BAcrosome
- CMitochondria
- DNucleus
- ETail
What structure is represented by label 2?
- AAcrosome
- BRibosome
- CNucleus
- DTail
- EMitochondria
What structure is represented by label 3?
- AVacuole
- BAcrosome
- CNucleus
- DMitochondria
- ERibosome
Q5:
Which of the following is not an adaptation of nerve cells?
- ANerve cell endings contain neurotransmitters that can diffuse across synapses and pass the impulse to another nerve cell.
- BLong axons can carry electrical impulses over large distances.
- CNerve cells contain lots of ribosomes to synthesize large amounts of proteins.
- DNerve cells have many dendrites that can transfer information received from other nerve cells towards the cell body.
- EAxons are surrounded by a myelin sheath that acts as an electrical insulator to speed up the rate of conduction.
Q6:
Which of the following is not an adaptation of sperm cells?
- AThe head’s containing an acrosome which has enzymes that break down the coating of the egg
- BHaving a large nucleus containing the genetic material that needs to be passed on
- CHaving many mitochondria to provide energy via respiration
- DHaving a long tail to help them move through the female reproductive system
- EContaining special proteins that allow contraction of muscles
Q7:
State whether the following statements about specialized cells are true or false.
Sperm cells contain many mitochondria to provide the energy they require for movement.
- ATrue
- BFalse
Ciliated epithelial cells have hair-like projections called cilia to decrease the cell surface area.
- ATrue
- BFalse
Q8:
Which of the following best explains why sperm cells contain many mitochondria?
- ASperm cells contain many mitochondria to allow the sperm to produce large amounts of glucose.
- BSperm cells contain many mitochondria to transfer genetic material during fertilization.
- CSperm cells contain many mitochondria to break down the coating of the egg cell when they combine.
- DSperm cells contain many mitochondria to provide them with energy needed for movement.
Q9:
Which specialized cells are described as cells that carry electrical impulses to allow rapid responses in the body?
- AEpithelial cells
- BSperm cells
- CEndocrine cells
- DNerve cells
Q10:
The diagram shows a basic outline of ciliated epithelial cells. Which of the following best explains how a ciliated epithelial cell is adapted for its function?
- ACiliated epithelial cells have small flagella that act to propel the cells through the body.
- BCiliated epithelial cells have tiny folds in the membrane to increase the amount of substances that can be absorbed.
- CCiliated epithelial cells have thin, hair-like projections that can produce wave-like motions to move substances along.
- DCiliated epithelial cells contain a large, central mitochondrion to increase the amount of cellular respiration.
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