Lesson Worksheet: Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil Chemistry • 10th Grade
In this worksheet, we will practice describing the use of fractional distillation in separating crude oil and identifying the properties and uses of key fractions.
Q1:
In which of the following are crude oil fractions arranged in order of increasing viscosity?
- AGasoline < kerosene < diesel oil
- BKerosene < gasoline < diesel oil
- CDiesel oil < gasoline < kerosene
- DKerosene < diesel oil < gasoline
- EGasoline < diesel oil < kerosene
Q2:
Which of the following is the molecular formula of a hydrocarbon likely to be found in LPG?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
Q3:
Which of the following is the molecular formula of a hydrocarbon likely to be found in gasoline?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
Q4:
Which of the following statements is false?
- ALubricating oils ignite more easily than diesel oil.
- BLPG contains shorter hydrocarbon molecules than diesel oil.
- CKerosene is distilled at a lower temperature than diesel oil.
- DHeavy fuel oils have higher viscosities than diesel oil.
- EGasoline has a lower boiling point than diesel oil.
Q5:
Crude oil fractions collected at lower temperatures during fractional distillation exhibit higher values for which of the following physical properties?
- AMolecular size
- BVolatility
- CViscosity
- DMelting point
- EIgnition temperature
Q6:
Selected melting and boiling points of compounds extracted from three crude oil fractions are shown in the table.
| Compound | Melting Point () | Boiling Point () |
|---|---|---|
| 40 | ||
| 48 | 391 | |
In which fraction of crude oil would compound be found?
- ADiesel oil
- BLPG
- CGasoline
- DBitumen
- EHeavy fuel oil
In which fraction of crude oil would compound be found?
- ADiesel oil
- BGasoline
- CBitumen
- DHeavy fuel oil
- ELPG
In which fraction of crude oil would compound be found?
- ALPG
- BBitumen
- CHeavy fuel oil
- DGasoline
- EDiesel oil
Q7:
Why are crude oil fractions described as non-renewable resources?
- ACrude oil use is not sustainable because it is no longer naturally produced.
- BCrude oil use is not sustainable because its production is very slow.
- CProducts made from crude oil fractions are non-recyclable.
- DCrude oil fractions cannot be reused after combustion.
- EProducts made from crude oil fractions are non-biodegradable.
Q8:
In which application is kerosene used as the primary fuel?
- APower stations
- BAircraft
- CDomestic heating
- DTrains
- ECars
Q9:
Which of the following statements is true?
- AAll fractions of crude oil are used as fuels.
- BMost fractions of crude oil are liquids at room temperature.
- CFractional distillation involves a chemical reaction.
- DFractional distillation involves the separation of crude oil into pure compounds.
- EFractional distillation involves the separation of compounds using a pressure gradient.
Q10:
Which variable physical property of crude oil fractions enables their separation by fractional distillation?
- ASolubility
- BMelting point
- CBoiling point
- DFlammability
- EViscosity
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