Lesson Worksheet: Detergents Chemistry
In this worksheet, we will practice describing the structure of anionic detergents and explaining how they remove stains from fabrics.
Q1:
As well as removing stains, what other effect can anionic detergent molecules, such as those of alkylbenzene sulfonates, have when added to stained items in water?
- APrecipitating out metal cations
- BRepairing any structural damage on the surface of the stained item
- CSoftening clothes and other fabrics
- DReducing the surface tension of water
- EPenetrating and breaking down soils
Q2:
The structures of two alkylbenzene sulfonates are shown below.
Why might structure B be preferred over structure A as a commercial detergent?
- AStructure B is more thermally stable.
- BStructure A has a higher melting point.
- CStructure B is more biodegradable.
- DStructure B has a more aromatic smell.
- EStructure A is more expensive.
Q3:
The following image shows a cartoon structure of sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
What structural arrangement will these molecules initially form when placed into water?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
Q4:
Which of the following is the most correct statement about anionic detergents?
- AThe detergent molecule is composed of a hydrophilic tail, which is a long carbon chain, and an ionized hydrophobic head.
- BThe detergent molecule is composed of a hydrophobic tail, which is a long carbon chain, and an ionized hydrophilic head.
- CThe detergent molecule is composed of a hydrophobic head, which is a long carbon chain, and an ionized hydrophilic tail.
- DThe detergent molecule is composed of a hydrophilic head, which is a long carbon chain, and an ionized hydrophobic tail.
Q5:
The reaction scheme below shows the formation of an alkylbenzene sulfonate from an alkylbenzene. What reactant does need to be to complete the synthesis?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
Q6:
Which of the following plays a very important role in the detergent industry?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
Q7:
Fill in the blanks: Adding detergent to water the surface tension of water, which the ability of water to wet textiles.
- Adecreases, increases
- Bincreases, decreases
- Cdecreases, decreases
- Dincreases, increases
Q8:
Which of the following are important organic compounds in the manufacture of detergents?
- AThe salicylic acid compounds
- BThe phosphoric acid compounds
- CThe alkylbenzene compounds
- DThe alkylbenzene sulfonic acid compounds
- EThe nitrobenzene compounds
Q9:
The image shows detergent molecules in water approaching a fatty stain on a piece of clothing. How will the detergent molecules initially arrange themselves on the stain?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
Q10:
In addition to water, which of the following products are likely to result from the treatment of an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid with caustic soda?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
Practice Means Progress
Boost your grades with free daily practice questions. Download Nagwa Practice today!
