Video Transcript
If the integral from negative seven to eight of ๐ of ๐ฅ with respect to ๐ฅ is 10, determine the value of the integral from eight to negative seven of seven ๐ of ๐ฅ with respect to ๐ฅ.
Letโs compare these two integrals to see what is different about them. First, we note that the order of the limits has been changed. In the first integral, the lower limit is negative seven. And the upper limit is eight. But in the second integral, the lower limit is eight. And the upper integral is negative seven. We also note that, in the second integral, the function ๐ of ๐ฅ has been multiplied by seven. So thereโre two changes whose effects weโll need to account for.
Letโs consider this first integral, the integral from negative seven to eight of ๐ of ๐ฅ with respect to ๐ฅ. When we integrate, we get a function capital ๐บ of ๐ฅ, which we evaluate at eight and negative seven. We subtract the value of this integral at the lower limit of negative seven from the value of this integral at the upper limit of eight. So we have ๐บ of eight minus ๐บ of negative seven. Remember, weโre told that the value of this integral is 10. So we have that 10 is equal to ๐บ of eight minus ๐บ of negative seven.
Now, letโs consider our second integral. One of the properties of definite integrals is that if we are multiplying by a constant, in this case seven, then that constant can be brought out the front of the integral. So this value of seven here can be brought to the front to multiply the whole integral.
So now, we have seven lots of the integral from eight to negative seven of ๐ of ๐ฅ with respect to ๐ฅ. When we integrate, weโll get that same function capital ๐บ of ๐ฅ. But this time, our lower limit is eight and our upper limit is negative seven. So weโll have seven lots of ๐บ of negative seven minus ๐บ of eight.
Now, we can work out what the value inside this bracket is equal to because we know that ๐บ of eight minus ๐บ of negative seven is equal to 10. Multiplying this equation through by negative one gives negative 10 is equal to negative ๐บ of eight plus ๐บ of negative seven. We could reorder the terms on the right if we wish to give ๐บ of negative seven minus ๐บ of eight.
So we now know that the value inside the bracket is negative 10. We therefore have seven multiplied by negative 10, which is equal to negative 70. Weโve used the general property of definite integrals here, which is that if we swap the order of the limits around, so the lower limit becomes the upper limit and vice versa, then the value we get will be the negative of the value we got for the original integral.
Our answer for the value of the integral from eight to negative seven of seven ๐ of ๐ฅ with respect to ๐ฅ is negative 70.