Video Transcript
Humans show a wide range of complex
movements, such as being able to use opposable thumbs. Other animals, such as ray-finned
fish, do not have such a wide range of movements. Suggest what part of the brain in
humans is more developed to allow this difference. (A) Hypothalamus, (B) frontal lobe,
(C) medulla oblongata, (D) parietal lobe, (E) occipital lobe.
This question wants us to identify
a brain structure that is more developed in humans and contributes to complex
movements such as using opposable thumbs. There are three major developmental
divisions of the brain: the forebrain, the midbrain, and the hindbrain. The forebrain is the largest most
developed part of the human brain. This is because it consists
primarily of the cerebrum and deep brain structures, such as the hippocampus, the
seat of memory; optic nerves, which connect to the eyes; and the olfactory bulb,
which is necessary for smelling.
In the forebrain, the cerebrum is
responsible for reasoning, memory, language, sensory perception, and emotional
response. The outermost layer of the cerebrum
is called the cerebral cortex. It consists of two identical
hemispheres separated by a fissure. Each hemisphere of the cerebral
cortex has four lobes: a frontal lobe, a parietal lobe, an occipital lobe, and a
temporal lobe.
Of these four lobes in the
forebrain, the frontal lobe is extremely important for a number of activities. It is primarily involved in
voluntary movement, executive function, the muscle movement in speech production as
well as planning and organization skills. The parietal lobe is especially
important in the integration of sensory information, such as touch, taste,
temperature, and pain.
The occipital lobe is mostly
responsible for vision, such as processing information from the eyes and then
interpreting this information into the images that create our perception of the
world. The temporal lobe is responsible
for processing auditory information. It also contains regions
responsible for our comprehension of language and many aspects of our memory.
So as we have reviewed, the
forebrain is the largest and most developed part of the human brain. And in the forebrain, the frontal
lobe is primarily involved in voluntary movement and executive functions. With this information, we’re now
able to answer the question. The part of the brain in humans
that is more developed to allow a wide range of complex movements is the frontal
lobe.
