Video Transcript
Visual Patterns
In this video, we’re going to learn
how to identify different types of shape patterns visually and complete them. What is a pattern? Let’s think about this question for
a minute. Do you know what a pattern is? In maths, a pattern is a
sequence. And a pattern can include numbers,
symbols, shapes, or figures, which are carefully arranged according to a rule or a
system.
In this video, we’re going to be
learning about different types of visual patterns. The word “visual” just means that
these are patterns we have to look at very carefully and work out what’s
changed. In other words, we have to look
closely to work out the rule or the system. In this video, we’re going to learn
about different types of visual pattern.
This example is a repeating
pattern. We could even call it a repeating
shape pattern because it’s made up of two different shapes. When we see a pattern like this
one, the first thing we have to do is ask ourselves, what do you notice? We can call the first part of the
pattern the first term. This just means a section of the
pattern. What do you notice about the first
term in this pattern? We’ve got an orange circle on top
and a pink square on the bottom. Let’s look at the second term in
the pattern. What has changed? Have you worked it out?
Now, the pink square is on top and
the orange circle is on the bottom. The position of the shapes has
changed. We started off with a square on the
bottom. Now the square’s on top and the
circle which was on top is now on the bottom. It’s like we’ve turned these shapes
upside down. And if we look closely at the third
term or the third part of the pattern, we can see the position of the shapes has
changed again. The circle’s back on top, and the
square is at the bottom. What comes next in this
pattern?
Let’s recap what we noticed: circle
top, square bottom, square top, circle bottom. Now we’re back to the beginning
again. We know this is a repeating
pattern. So we’ve got a circle on top and a
square on the bottom. So the next term or the next part
in the sequence would look like this. The pattern is repeating. What do you notice about this
pattern? What’s changing?
The first shape or figure in the
pattern is a circle. And we can see it’s being divided
into four equal parts or quarters. One-quarter of the first circle has
been shaded blue. The next shape or the next figure
in our pattern is another circle. What’s changed? Two of the quarters in this circle
have been shaded blue. So the answer to the question “What
has changed?” is the number of shaded parts. We’re shading one more part each
time.
Let’s look at the third circle. Does it follow the rule of our
pattern, which is to shade or color one more part or one more quarter each time? So our third circle has three parts
shaded: one part shaded, two parts shaded, three parts shaded. Now that we’ve identified the rule
of the pattern, we can complete it. What comes next? It will be a circle with four parts
shaded.
What comes next?
We’ve been given a pattern made up
of three different squares. To help us complete the pattern,
first, we need to look closely. What do you notice about this
pattern? Well, the first square has been
divided into four equal parts. And all four parts have been shaded
gray. If we look at the second square in
the sequence, what’s changed? Well, we’ve still got a square
which has been divided into four equal parts. But this time only three parts have
been shaded gray. If we look at the third square in
the sequence, we can see that this square only has two parts shaded gray. So it looks like the number of
shaded parts is decreasing.
We can think of the shaded parts as
triangles. The first square has four shaded
triangles. Then we’ve got three, then two. So the next square in the sequence
should have one shaded part or one triangle shaded.
Which of our shaded triangles
should we delete? Let’s look more closely. This was our first square, and this
is the first triangle which was erased or not shaded, on the left-hand side. This was the second triangle to be
erased or not shaded. Which triangle should we delete
next? It will be this one. This is the square that comes
next. We looked closely at the pattern to
see what we noticed, we worked out what changed each time, and we completed the
pattern using this square.
What comes next?
What do you notice about this
pattern? We’ve got a sequence of circles,
and each circle has a different shape inside. The first circle has a dot in the
center. The second circle has a cross
inside, which has divided the circle into four-quarters. And the third circle also has a
cross inside, dividing the circle into four-quarters. But this time the lines have been
drawn diagonally instead of straight up and down or straight across. Then we’re back to a circle with a
dot in the center.
This pattern has a repeating
part. We could call it a repeating
pattern. The first three shapes are
repeated. We start with a circle with a dot
at the center. What comes next? The next figure in the sequence
would be a circle with a cross like this one. This is the circle which comes
next. We looked closely at the pattern to
see what we could notice, and we noticed it was a repeating pattern. Once we worked out the rule, we
were able to find the next shape in the sequence. This is the circle which comes
next.
What have we learned in this
video? We’ve learned how to identify
different types of shape patterns visually and complete them.
