Question Video: Identifying Endocrine Glands in the Human Body | Nagwa Question Video: Identifying Endocrine Glands in the Human Body | Nagwa

Question Video: Identifying Endocrine Glands in the Human Body Science • Third Year of Preparatory School

The figure shows some of the main endocrine glands in the body. Which organ (A, B, C, D, or E) is the adrenal gland? What is endocrine gland X?

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Video Transcript

The figure shows some of the main endocrine glands in the body. Which organ (A), (B), (C), (D), or (E) is the adrenal gland? What is endocrine gland X?

To answer these questions, we first need to know what an endocrine gland is. Endocrine glands are groups of specialized cells that secrete hormones into the bloodstream. Hormones are chemical messengers that can cause a response elsewhere in the body from where they’re produced in order to regulate different processes in the human body. Let’s take a look at the different endocrine glands that are shown in this diagram so that we can identify which one is the adrenal gland.

Organ (A) is a testis, and organ (B) is an ovary. These two organs are collectively known as the gonads. While each of the two testes are responsible for producing and secreting the male sex hormones mainly, the two ovaries are responsible for producing and secreting the female sex hormones primarily. Organ (C) is one of the two adrenal glands. These glands are responsible for producing many hormones, one of which is adrenaline that controls the fight-or-flight response in stressful situations. Organ (D) is the pancreas. The pancreas also releases several hormones, one of which is insulin that can control our blood sugar level when it becomes too high. Organ (E) is the pituitary gland. This is sometimes referred to as the master gland, as it releases several hormones that can control other glands. Therefore, we’ve deduced that organ (C) is the adrenal gland.

Let’s have a go at the next part of the question. The final gland that we haven’t yet labeled on the diagram, organ X, is the thyroid gland. This gland is responsible for releasing thyroid hormones, which have a number of different effects including on our metabolism and even our heart rate. So we can conclude that organ X corresponds to the thyroid gland.

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