Video Transcript
The diagram shows a simplified
outline of the structure of a mushroom growing in soil. Which of the following options
correctly identifies the structures labeled X and Y on the diagram? (A) X is hyphae, and Y is
mycelium. (B) X is mycelium, and Y is
xylem. (C) X is xylem, and Y is
endospores. Or (D) X is phloem, and Y is
lamellae.
In this question, we are provided
with a diagram that shows the inner structure of a mushroom. And we’re asked to identify some of
the different internal parts.
A mushroom is a type of fungus. Fungi are one of the five kingdoms
of life. The other four kingdoms are animal,
plant, protist, and Monera. Fungi are all heterotrophic,
immobile, and eukaryotic. The mushroom shown is the
reproductive structure of a fungus. It is the part of the fungus that
functions to help produce offspring. Mushrooms typically reproduce by
making spores.
Many fungi, including mushrooms,
are made of long, branched filaments of cells. These filaments are called
hyphae. In the soil, the hyphae form a vast
network. These hyphae release enzymes that
break down organic matter so that it can be absorbed by the fungus for
nutrition. This network of hyphae is called
the mycelium.
Using this information, we can
choose the correct answer. The structure labeled X on the
diagram is hyphae. The structure labeled Y on the
diagram is mycelium.
