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Lesson: Linking Hybridization to Geometry and Oxidation State

In this lesson, we will learn how to link the hybridization of an atom in a molecule to the oxidation state and geometry of bonds and electron pairs.

Worksheet • 7 Questions

Q1:

Sulfuric acid is manufactured by the following series of reactions:

  • Step 1: S ( ) + 8 O ( ) 8 S O ( ) 8 2 2 s g g ;
  • Step 2: 2 S O ( ) + O ( ) 2 S O ( ) 2 2 3 g g g ;
  • Step 3: S O ( ) + H O ( ) H S O ( ) 3 2 2 4 g l l .

Which of the following is closest to the bond angle in S 8 ?

  • A 1 0 9 . 5 ∘
  • B 1 0 4 . 5 ∘
  • C 1 8 0 ∘
  • D 9 0 ∘
  • E 1 2 0 ∘

Which of the following is closest to the bond angle in S O 2 ?

  • A 1 2 0 ∘
  • B 9 0 ∘
  • C 1 0 4 . 5 ∘
  • D 1 8 0 ∘
  • E 1 0 9 . 5 ∘

Which reactions have no effect on the hybridization of the S atom?

  • AStep 2 only
  • BStep 3 only
  • CStep 1 only
  • DNone of the steps
  • EAll of the steps

Q2:

Which of the following accurately represents the molecular geometry for the carbon atoms in C H 2 6 (ethane), C H 2 4 (ethene), and C H 2 2 (ethyne)?

  • ATetrahedral, planar, and linear, respectively
  • BLinear, tetrahedral, and planar, respectively
  • CLinear, linear, and planar, respectively
  • DTetrahedral, linear, and planar, respectively

Q3:

Potassium dichromate is an oxidizing agent commonly used in organic synthesis.

What is the formula of potassium dichromate?

  • A K C r O 2 2 7
  • B K C r O 3
  • C K C r O 2 6
  • D K C r O 2 4
  • E K C r O 2 2 4

What is the oxidation state of chromium in the dichromate ion?

What is the hybridization of chromium in the dichromate ion?

  • Asd3
  • Bsp3d2
  • Csp3d
  • Dsd4
  • Esp2d

What is the bonding geometry around a chromium atom in a dichromate ion?

  • ATetrahedral
  • BOctahedral
  • CSquare planar
  • DTrigonal pyramidal
  • ETrigonal planar

Q4:

Iodine heptafluoride can be produced by the reaction of fluorine with iodine pentafluoride at high temperature:

What is the hybridization of the I atom in I F 5 ?

  • Asp3d2
  • Bsd5
  • Csp3d
  • Dsd4
  • Esp3d3

What term describes the bonding geometry in I F 5 ?

  • ASquare pyramidal
  • BTrigonal prismatic
  • CTrigonal bipyramidal
  • DOctahedral
  • EPentagonal planar

What is the smallest angle between I F bonds in I F 7 ?

What term describes the bonding geometry in I F 7 ?

  • APentagonal bipyramidal
  • BSquare antiprismatic
  • CPentagonal pyramidal
  • DTrigonal bipyramidal
  • EOctahedral

Q5:

An atom of a main-group element forms three bonds and has three nonbonding electron pairs.

What is the hybridization of this atom?

  • Asp3d2
  • Bsp3d
  • Csp
  • Dsp3
  • Esp2

Which term describes the bonding geometry in this molecule?

  • AT-shaped
  • BSquare planar
  • CTrigonal planar
  • DSeesaw
  • ETrigonal pyramidal

Which term describes the geometry of the electron pairs around the main-group atom?

  • AOctahedral
  • BTrigonal bipyramidal
  • CTrigonal planar
  • DTrigonal prismatic
  • ETetrahedral

Q6:

Nitrogen dioxide contains an unpaired electron and has trigonal planar electron-pair geometry.

Which type of hybridized orbital does the unpaired electron occupy?

  • Asp2
  • Bsp3d2
  • Csp
  • Dsp3d
  • Esp3

Which term best describes the magnetic behaviour of this molecule?

  • AParamagnetic
  • BNon-magnetic
  • CDiamagnetic
  • DAntiferromagnetic
  • EFerromagnetic

Q7:

Boric acid, H B O 3 3 , is a Lewis acid but not a Brønsted-Lowry acid. The compound increases the pH of a solution by reacting with water:

Identify the species X .

  • A H B O 4 4 –
  • B H B O 5 4 2 –
  • C H B O H 3 3 +
  • D H B O 2 3 –
  • E H B O 3 4 2 –

What is the geometry around the boron atom in species X ?

  • ATetrahedral
  • BTrigonal pyramidal
  • CSquare planar
  • DOctahedral
  • ETrigonal bipyramidal

What is the hybridization of the boron atom in species X ?

  • Asp3
  • Bsp3d2
  • Csp2
  • Dsp3d
  • Esp
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