Lesson: The Human Respiratory System Biology • Second Year of Secondary School

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In this lesson, we will learn how to describe the structure of the lungs and explain how they are adapted for efficient gas exchange.

Students will be able to

outline how air enters the body via the nose and how the nose is adapted for this function,
describe the basic structure of the respiratory system, including the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli,
outline the basic mechanism of inhaling and exhaling and the accompanying changes in the ribs and diaphragm,
describe the relationship between the circulatory systems and the gaseous exchange system,
explain how alveoli are adapted for gas exchange, including having large surface area, a moist lining, and a short diffusion pathway to the surrounding capillaries.